Background: To determine the mean eruption time of PERMANENT TEETH of Pakistani children and to evaluate the effects of gender, type of schools, height, weight and body mass index on it.Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted from September 2007 to April 2008.4370 children of ‘just erupted’ TEETH were obtained from 102 randomly selected schools from 18 towns of Karachi, using systematic random sampling procedure. The dental examination was carried out for the selected child. Height, weight and date of birth were also obtained. Two sample ‘t’ test and paired ‘ t ’ test were employed to compare the mean time of eruption between gender and type of schools (private/ public), and upper and lower jaws. Pearson and partial correlations were used to determine the significant relationship between eruption time with height, weight and BMI.Results: The right first molars of upper and lower jaws showed the minimum eruption time. Second molars were the last tooth to emerge. Only 3 TEETH showed significant difference of eruption time between the genders. None of contralateral TEETH showed any statistical significant difference. All the mandible TEETH, except the premolars, erupted earlier than maxillary TEETH. Private schools children showed early eruption than the public schools children. The Pearson and partial correlation were significant positively correlated with height. Eruption time of all the TEETH, except one, showed positive correlation with weight.Conclusion: The eruption time of Pakistani children are different in many aspects with to other nationalities.

Vitality of dental pulp is essential for long-term tooth survival. The aim of vital pulp therapy is to maintain healthy pulp tissue by eliminating bacteria from the dentin-pulp complex. There are several different treatment options for vital pulp therapy in extensively decayed or traumatized TEETH. Pulp capping or pulpotomy procedures rely upon an accurate assessment of the pulp status, and careful management of the remaining pulp tissue. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of new approaches in vital pulp therapy in PERMANENT TEETH.

Although the delayed exfoliation of primary TEETH among children is a common dental problem, simultaneous presence of primary TEETH and corresponding successors is a rare feature in adults. This paper reports an unusual case in which both PERMANENT TEETH (molars, premolars, and canines) and primary TEETH were present simultaneously. This report describes questions concerning the etiology of overretention of primary TEETH.

Background and Aims: Nowadays، the treatment immature of TEETH with necrotic pulp is based on biological principles and regenerative treatment protocols، replacing traditional apexification treatments. The potential of revascularization and root development in traumatic TEETH with necrotic pulp has been documented in dental trauma. The purpose of this case report is to show clinical and radiographical findings of regenerative treatments in traumatic TEETH. Case report: An 8-year-old girl with a history of trauma in both central maxillary TEETH and observing pulp necrosis during follow up sessions was treated with a triple antibiotic paste (ciprofloxacin-metronidazole-clindamycin). Conclusion: After restoring TEETH with composite، there were no clinical and radiographical pathologic signs in the two years follow up، and root development continued.